The great Oregon whale explosion
Much of what washes up on shore is trash that people have dumped
in the ocean, but sometimes it’s deceased sea creatures. While the sea is very
good at disposing of its dead—since it quickly becomes food for many sea
animals—occasionally carcasses are thrown up onshore. That can be particularly
unpleasant when it is pungent. Rotting seaweed can be smelly, but dead whales
can be a real problem.
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The whale causing the trouble.
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In 1970 a dead rotting sperm whale washed up on a beach at the
south end of the coastal town of Florence, Oregon. This is the largest of the
toothed whales. It was forty-five-feet long (14 m) and weighed about eight tons
(7 tonnes), and people began
complaining because the stench was awful. At that time a situation like this
fell under the jurisdiction of the Oregon Highway Department.
Now, disposing of something this size is very difficult. The
first thing to try is to drag it back out to sea, but that wouldn’t work in
this case, and it might just float right back to shore. Burying it would be
difficult and it could resurface when the sands shift. Things buried on a beach
resurface sooner or later. They couldn’t find anyone willing to cut it up and
they thought it wouldn’t burn.
When the highway department runs into an immovable object, such
as a hill, when they’re building a road, they usually blow it up. A little
explosive can move rock and break up boulders so they thought they would use
them to blow the whale into tiny pieces that could be eaten by scavengers,
while most of it would be carried off by the next outgoing tide. Unfortunately
that’s not as simple as it sounds and it turned out to be a big mistake.
After consulting with the U.S. Navy, which also sometimes deals
with problems by using explosives, they decided to go for it. The Navy later
said that it should have worked.
When interviewed before the event, highway engineer George
Thornton said, “I’m confident that it will work. The only thing is, we’re not
sure just exactly how much explosives it will take to disintegrate this thing
so the scavengers—seagulls, crabs and whatnot—can clean it up.”
He decided half-a-ton should do it. They placed the twenty
crates along the leeward side of the whale intending to blow it out into the
ocean.
Explosives are often used to break up or sink whale carcasses,
usually out at sea. And bloated ones eventually explode on their own as the
guts liquefy and the gasses build, pushing against the outer rubbery skin lined
with a thick layer of blubber.
On Taiwan in 2004 researchers were transporting a sixty-ton
(55-tonne) sperm whale on a flat-bed truck through the city of Tainan to an
animal sanctuary where they intended to perform a necropsy, when its stomach
suddenly exploded, spilling guts and blood all over the downtown street.
At another stranding, a scientist warned not to walk on dead
whales because the skin can rupture and you can fall inside of it. He added
that he once fell into one up to his chest, adding that it can be difficult to
get someone out.
In 2001 off of Australia, people actually left their boats to
climb on a floating whale, while great white sharks were feasting on it from
below.
But returning to the Oregon stranding: As Thornton’s men placed
dynamite around the whale, Thornton moved nearby onlookers back a quarter mile
to near a parking lot. About seventy-five observers—some of whom were families
with their kids—had driven out to watch the spectacle and were sitting along
the sand dunes. An expectant flock of seagulls also circled around nearby,
looking like they were hoping to get something to eat.
Then the explosion shot bits of whale, blood, and sand around a
hundred feet into the sky. One woman exclaimed, “Ooooh!” and another shouted,
“Weeeee! Look at that!”, while a man began laughing. Then a woman observed,
“Here come pieces of one...whale”, as everyone saw large chunks dropping out of
the sky and flying over their heads. They ran for cover screaming as smaller
bits of rotting blubber began to rain down upon them and a mist of whale oil
descended, coating them and their vehicles with the smell.
One newspaper reporter who was there described it as being like
a blubber snowstorm. People were retching and trying to get it off of them, but
no matter what they did, the sickening stench would stay with them for days.
Fortunately no one was hurt, but one large chunk of blubber about the size of a
coffee table caved in the roof of an unfortunate businessman’s Oldsmobile,
wrecking his car.
As people recovered, the seagulls were nowhere in sight,
probably traumatized by the blast, or perhaps driven off by the smell. A very
large portion of the whale remained, along with a large hole, so the highway
workers used a bulldozer to push what was left of the whale in and then they
buried it.
Right after the blast Thornton gave his assessment, saying, “It
went just exactly right, except the blast funneled a hole in the sand under the
whale.” This, he said, was why some of the whale headed towards the parking
lot.
In 2020 for the 50th anniversary of the whale explosion, humorist
Dave Berry, who helped popularize the story, explained, “Men like to blow
things up. Statistically we have. Give us dynamite and give us a whale, we’re
going to put those two things together and that’s what happened here. It’s too
wonderful.”
Experts later said it should have worked, the problem was that
the Oregon Highway Division didn’t use enough dynamite.
Oregon has now has the Exploding Whale Memorial Park near the
site to commemorate the event and some people, mostly in Oregon, celebrate
Exploding Whale Day every November 12th.
Nine years after the now famous whale explosion, a pod of
forty-one whales beached themselves in Oregon, but they don’t blow up whales
there anymore. Now they burn and bury them.
But that wasn’t always the case, and now Oregonians fondly
recall a time when blubber rained from the sky.
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